Rima International Journal of Education (RIJE)

ISSN: 2756 – 6749(print); 3141-2033(online)

Rima International Journal of Education (RIJE)

Gender, Security and Electoral Violence: Experiences of Women Politicians in Sokoto State, Nigeria

*1Aliyu Muhammad Rabah, 2Umar Ubandawaki, 3Umar Dantani & 4Murtala Marafa

*,2&3Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Sokoto State University, Sokoto

4Department of History and International Studies, Faculty of Arts, Sokoto State University, Sokoto

Cite this as: Rabah, A. M., Ubandawaki, U., Dantani, U., & Marafa, M. (2026). Gender, Security and Electoral Violence: Experiences of Women Politicians in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Rima International Journal of Education, 5(2), 259—272.

Abstract

Electoral politics in Nigeria has increasingly been characterized by violence, insecurity, and intense political competition that disproportionately affects women. Despite constitutional guarantees of equality and democratic inclusion, women’s participation in electoral politics remains significantly low, particularly in northern Nigeria. This study examines the intersection between gender, security, and electoral violence, focusing on the experiences of women politicians in Sokoto State. Drawing on feminist political theory and conflict analysis, the paper argues that electoral violence operates as a gendered instrument of political exclusion. Using qualitative analysis based on secondary literature, election observation reports, media accounts, and policy documents, the study identifies intimidation, reputational violence, economic marginalization, and institutional neglect as major barriers confronting female political actors. Findings show that insecurity discourages women from contesting elections, restricts campaign mobility, and reinforces patriarchal control of political spaces. The paper concludes that improving women’s political participation requires gender-sensitive electoral security reforms, institutional accountability, and socio-cultural transformation. Enhancing women’s political security is essential for democratic consolidation, inclusive governance, and sustainable peace in Nigeria.

Keywords

Electoral violence, women politicians, Sokoto State, political participation and Nigeria

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