Challenges Facing the Implementation of Educational Policies in Public Secondary Schools in North-West Zone, Nigeria
*1Hadiza Aliyu Danmaraya, 2Ahmad Shu’aibu Abdullahi & 3Rabi Muhammad Nagoda
*1Kano State Secondary School Management Board (KSSSMB), Kano State, Nigeria. Email.: hadizaaliyudm@gmail.com
2Agricultural and Postharvest Training College, Kano (APTCOK), Kano State, Nigeria. Email: ahmadshuaibu7@gmail.com
3Aminu Kano College of Islamic and Legal Studies, Kano State, Nigeria. Email: rabinaboda@gmail.com
Cite this as: Danmaraya, H. A., Abdullahi, A. S., & Nagoda, R. M. (2026). Availability and Utilisation of Instructional Materials for Effective Civic Education Curriculum Implementation in Upper Basic Schools in Kano State, Nigeria. Rima International Journal of Education, 5(2), 30—41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.65760/rijessu.v5.2.3
Abstract
Instructional materials play an essential role in facilitating effective teaching and learning in schools. In Civic Education, instructional materials help learners understand civic concepts, democratic values, and social responsibilities more effectively. However, inadequate availability and utilization of instructional resources often hinder effective curriculum implementation in Nigerian schools. This study examined the availability and utilization of instructional materials for effective Civic Education curriculum implementation in upper basic schools in Kano Central Senatorial Zone, Kano State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of 118 Civic Education teachers drawn from forty (40) upper basic schools in the study area, and a census sampling technique was employed due to the manageable population size. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from the Civic Education Curriculum Implementation Questionnaire (CECIQ). Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while inferential statistics were used to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that although some instructional materials such as textbooks and charts are available in schools, many essential teaching resources, including audio-visual aids and digital learning materials, are inadequate. The study also found that effective utilization of instructional materials significantly enhances Civic Education curriculum implementation. The study therefore concludes that both the availability and proper utilization of instructional materials are critical for effective curriculum delivery in Civic Education. It is recommended that government and educational authorities provide adequate instructional materials and organise regular teacher training programmes to improve the utilisation of instructional resources.
Keywords
Instructional Materials, Civic Education, Curriculum Implementation, Upper Basic Schools, Teaching Resources
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