Incorporating Entrepreneurship Education in Educational Management Curricular in Universities for Job Creation and Self Reliance in Nigeria
Sa’adu Isa Bashar & Sambo Zayyanu
1Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Sokoto State University, Sokoto
2School of Education, Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto, Nigeria
Abstract
Nigeria faces a lot of unemployment challenges which contribute significantly in the hike of insecurity and insurgency problems in every nook and cranny of the country. This might not be unconnected to the yearly turnout of hundreds of thousands of graduates being produced by educational institutions across the country that could not be absorbed in the labour market. This paper highlights the need for integrating entrepreneurship education in the curricular of Educational Management in Universities to prepare Educational Management students for self-employment and reduce over dependence on government jobs. To this end, the paper after conceptual clarifications, examines the factors that are responsible for unemployment in Nigeria such as population growth, skills mismatch, insecurity and social instability, among others. Further, the paper highlights the relevance of integrating entrepreneurship education in Educational Management such as enhancing employability, self-employment and fostering innovations. Skills in entrepreneurship education were also examined in the paper as well as challenges bedevilling the integration of entrepreneurship education in Educational Management curriculum. The paper concludes that incorporating entrepreneurship education in educational management curricular in universities helps in making graduates job creators instead of job seekers. Based on this, the paper suggests the need for adopting strategies such as curriculum review, teacher training, collaboration and partnerships, experiential learning, establishment of entrepreneurship clubs and competitions, in order to ensure effective integration of entrepreneurship education in Educational Management curriculum for job creation and self-reliance.
Keywords
Entrepreneurship Education, Educational Management, University, Job Creation, Self-reliance
Reference
Adeleye, O., & Conroy, P.J. (2020). Challenges of policy planning and implementation in Nigeria. International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies, 5(3), 10-19.
Adeyemi, S. L., (2020). Electricity generation and economic growth in Nigeria: Structural breaks, causality, and challenges. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 10(3), 5-22.
Ajefu, J. B. (2020). Access to credit and small business development in Nigeria. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 6(2), 24-34.
Akpansung, M. B., & Effiong, I. (2021). Oil dependency and unemployment in Nigeria: An empirical study. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 23(1), 18-35.
Bush, T., & Middlewood, D. (2013). Theories of educational management & leadership: A handbook (3rd ed.). Sage.
Fayolle, A., & Liñán, F. (2014). The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Research, 67(5), 663-666.
Hatak, I., Harms, R., Fink, M., & Traut-Mattausch, E. (2015). The role of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions: Outcome-based evaluation of a mature entrepreneurship program. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 13-25.
Henry, C., Hill, F., & Leitch, C. (2005). Entrepreneurship education and training: Can entrepreneurship be taught? Part I. Education + Training, 47(2), 98-111.
Hisrich, R., Peters, M., & Shepherd, D. (2017). Entrepreneurship. McGraw-Hill Education.
ILO. (2012). Decent Work and the Informal Economy. International Labour Organization.
Kuratko, D. F. (2017). Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, and practice. Cengage Learning.
Lutzenhiser, L. (1993). Social and behavioural aspects of energy use. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 18(1), 247-289.
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2022). Labour Force Statistics: Unemployment and Underemployment Report Q4 2020. Retrieved from https://nairametrics.com/2021/04/20/full-report-unemployment-rate-in-nigeria-rises
National Population Commission. (2018). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2018. Retrieved from https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR359/FR359.pdf
Nwagbara, U., & Ezeh, D. (2017). Entrepreneurship Education: Imperatives for Nigeria’s Education Curriculum. International Journal of Education and Research, 5(6), 133-148.
Obaje, A. R., & Mbaeke, C. E. (2020). Challenges of Embedding Entrepreneurship Education in the Nigerian Education Curriculum. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 23(3S), 1-14.
Odili, G. & Anyanwu, E. (2019). Entrepreneurship Education in Nigeria: Challenges and Strategies for Improvement. Journal of Education, Society, and Behavioural Science, 32(5), 1-13.
Okeke, A., Odo, S., & Ideh, V. (2019). Population growth, urbanization, and unemployment in Nigeria. Global Journal of Social Sciences, 18(1), 25-34.
Oluwatobi, S., Efobi, U., & Olurinola, O. (2015). Innovation in Nigeria: Entrepreneurial challenges and the way forward. African Development Review, 27(2), 108-120.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2016). Skills for entrepreneurship and innovation. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/industry/ind/6734118.pdf
Pittaway, L., & Cope, J. (2007). Entrepreneurship education: A systematic review of the evidence. International Small Business Journal, 25(5), 479-510.
Salami, O. A., Ikumapayi, O. M., & Oke, R. (2020). Industry-academic collaboration as a panacea for graduate unemployment in Nigeria. European Journal of Education Studies, 7(12), 154-165.
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217-226.
UNCTAD. (2016). Towards Sustainable and Resilient Societies: A Toolkit for Self-Reliance. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. [Link: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/osg2016d7_en.pdf]
United Nations Development Programme. (2020). Human Development Indices and Indicators 2018 Statistical Update. Retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/en/indicators/137506